histoire :mazagan et économie 3 Hist

The ordinary scarlet runner is most commonly grown, but there is a See also:

• WHITE
• WHITE, ANDREW DICKSON (1832? )
• WHITE, GILBERT (1720?1793)
• WHITE, HENRY KIRKE (1785-1806)
• WHITE, HUGH LAWSON (1773-1840)
• WHITE, JOSEPH BLANCO (1775-1841)
• WHITE, RICHARD GRANT (1822-1885)
• WHITE, ROBERT (1645-1704)
• WHITE, SIR GEORGE STUART (1835? )
• WHITE, SIR THOMAS (1492-1567)
• WHITE, SIR WILLIAM ARTHUR (1824--1891)
• WHITE, SIR WILLIAM HENRY (1845? )
• WHITE, THOMAS (1628-1698)
• WHITE, THOMAS (c. 1550-1624)

white-flowered variety which has also white seeds; this is very prolific and of excellent quality. Another variety called Painted See also:

• LADY (0. Eng. hlaefdige, Mid. Eng. ldfdi, lavedi; the first part of the word is hldf, loaf, bread, as in the corresponding hldford, lord; the second part is usually taken to be from the root dig-, to knead, seen also in " dough "; the sense development fr

Lady, with the flowers red and white, is very ornamental, but not so productive. Carter's See also:

• CHAMPION (Fr. champion, Late Lat. campio from campus; a field or open space, i.e. one " who takes the field " or fights; cf. Ger. Kampf, battle, and Kampfer, fighter)

Champion is a large-podded productive variety. Another species P. lunatus, the See also:

• LIMA

Lima bean, a tall biennial with a See also:

• SCIMITAR

scimitar-shaped pod (whence the specific name) 2 to 3 in. long containing a few large seeds, is widely cultivated in the warmer-parts of the world. The young pods of another leguminous climbing See also:

• HERB (Lat. herba, grass, food for cattle, generally taken to represent the Old Lat. forbea, Gr. 4op(3i1, pasture, <0p/3Ew, to feed, Sans. bharb, to eat)

herb, Dolichos Lablab, as well as the seeds, are widely used in the tropics, as we use the kidney bean. The plant is probably a native of tropical Africa, but is now generally cultivated in the tropics. The word Dolichos is of See also:

• GREEK
• GREEK, ETRUSCAN AND

Greek origin, and was used by See also:

• THEOPHRASTUS

Theophrastus for the scarlet runner. Another species, D. biflorus, is the horse See also:

• GRAM

gram, the seed of which is eaten by the poorer class of natives in India, and is also, as are the pods, a food for horses and See also:

• CATTLE (Norman Fr. catel, from Late Lat. capitale, wealth or property, a word applied in the feudal system to movable property and particularly to live stock, and surviving in its wider meaning as " chattel " or " chattle ")

cattle. The Soy bean, Glycine hispida, was included by See also:

• LINNAEUS

Linnaeus in the genus Dolichos. It is extensively cultivated in China and Japan, chiefly for the pleasant-flavoured seed from which is prepared a piquant See also:

• SAUCE

sauce. It is also widely grown in India, where the bean is eaten, while the plant forms a valuable fodder; it is cultivated for the latter purpose in the See also:

• UNITED

United States. Other references to beans will be found under See also:

• SPECIAL

special headings, such as See also:

• CALABAR (or OLD CALABAR)

CALABAR BEAN, See also:

• LOCUST

LOCUST-See also:

• TREE (0. Eng. treo, treow, cf. Dan. tree, Swed. Odd, tree, trd, timber; allied forms are found in Russ. drevo, Gr. opus, oak, and 36pv, spear, Welsh derw, Irish darog, oak, and Skr. dare, wood)
• TREE, SIR HERBERT BEERBOHM (1853- )

TREE.

There are also several non-leguminous seeds to which the popular name bean is attached. Among these may be mentioned the sacred See also:

• EGYPTIAN

Egyptian or See also:

• PYTHAGOREAN

Pythagorean bean (Nelumbium speciosum), and the See also:

• IGNATIUS ('Iyvfrior)

Ignatius bean (probably Strychnos multi See also:

• FLORA

flora), a source of See also:

• STRYCHNINE

strychnine. The ancient Greeks and See also:

• ROMANS
• ROMANS, EPISTLE TO THE

Romans made useof beans in gathering the votes of the See also:

• PEOPLE

people, and for the See also:

• ELECTION
• ELECTION (from Lat. eligere, to pick out)

election of magistrates. A white bean signified See also:

• ABSOLUTION (Lat. absolutio from absolvo, loosen, acquit)

absolution, and a black one condemnation. Beans had a mysterious use in the lemuralia and parentalia, where the See also:

• MASTER (Lat. magister, related to tnagis, more, as the corresponding minister is to minus, less; the English form is due partly to the O. Eng. maegister, and partly to O. Fr. maistre, mod. maitre; cf. Du. meester, Ger. Meister, Ital. maestro)

master of the family, after washing his hands three times, threw black beans over his See also:

• HEAD (in 0. Eng. heafad; the word is common to Teutonic languages; cf. Dutch hoofd, Ger. Haupt, generally taken to be in origin connected with Lat. caput, Gr. KerbOvi7)
• HEAD, SIR EDMUND WALKER, BART
• HEAD, SIR FRANCIS BOND, BART

head nine times, reiterating the words " I redeem myself and my family by these beans." BEAN-FEAST, primarily an annual See also:

• DINNER

dinner given by an employer to his workpeople, and then colloquially any jollification. The phrase is variously derived. The most probable theory is that which connects it with the See also:

• CUSTOM (from O. Fr. costume, costume or coustume; Low Lat. costuma, a shortened form of consuetudo)

custom in See also:

• FRANCE
• FRANCE, ANATOLE (1844? )

France, and afterwards in Germany and England, of a feast on Twelfth See also:

• NIGHT

Night, at which a cake with a bean buried in it was a great feature. The bean-See also:

• KING
• KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
• KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
• KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
• KING, CLARENCE (1842?1901)
• KING, EDWARD (1612?1637)
• KING, EDWARD (1829?1910)
• KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
• KING, RUFUS (1755?1827)
• KING, THOMAS (1730?1805)
• KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
• KING, WILLIAM (1663?1712)

king was he who had the good See also:

• FORTUNE, ROBERT (1813-188o)

fortune to have the slice of cake in which was the bean. This choosing of a king or See also:

• QUEEN
• QUEEN (O.E. cwen, wife, related to "quean," O.E. cwene, a hussy; cf. Gr. yvvi7: from root gan-, to produce; cf. genus, " kin," &c.)

queen by a bean was formerly a common See also:

• CHRISTMAS (i.e. the Mass of Christ)

Christmas diversion at the See also:

• ENGLISH

English and Scottish courts, and in both English See also:

• UNIVERSITIES

universities. This monarch was master of the See also:

• REVELS, MASTER OF THE

revels like his congener the See also:

• LORD
• LORD (O. Eng. hldford, i.e. hldfweard, the warder or keeper of bread, hlIf, loaf; the word is not represented in any other Teutonic language)
• LORD, JOHN (1810-1894)

lord of See also:

• MISRULE, LORD OF

misrule. A See also:

• CLUE

clue to his See also:

• ORIGINAL

original functions is possibly found in the old popular belief that the weather for the ensuing twelve months was determined by the weather of the twelve days from Christmas to Twelfth Night, the weather of each particular See also:

• MONTH
• MONTH (a common Teutonic word, cf. Ger. Mond, Du. maand, Dan. maaned, &c., and cognate with Lat. mensis, Gr. µi7v, &c., in other branches of the Indo-Germanic family; all ultimately from the root seen in the word for the moon in nearly all those languages

month being prognosticated from each See also:

• DAY (O. Eng. dreg, Ger. Tag; according to the New English Dictionary, " in no way related to the Lat. dies")
• DAY, JOHN (1574-1640?)
• DAY, THOMAS (1748-1789)

day. Thus the king of the bean of Twelfth Night may have originally reigned for the twelve days

Thus the king of the bean of Twelfth Night may have originally reigned for the twelve days, his See also:

• CHIEF (from Fr. chef, head, Lat. caput)

chief See also:

• DUTY (from " due," that which is owing, O. Fr. deu, dil, past participle of devoir; Lat. debere, debitum; cf. " debt ")

duty being the performance of magical ceremonies for ensuring good weather during the ensuing twelve months.

Probably in him and the lord of misrule it is correct to find the lineal descend-See also:

• ANT
• ANT (O. Eng. aemete, from Teutonic a, privative, and maitan, cut or bite off, i.e. " the biter off "; aemete in Middle English became differentiated in dialect use to (mete, then amte, and so ant, and also to emete, whence the synonym " emmet," now only u

ant of the old king of the Saturnalia, the real man who personated See also:

• SATURN
• SATURN [SATURNUS]

Saturn and, when the revels ceased, suffered a real See also:

• DEATH

death in his assumed See also:

• CHARACTER (Gr. xapareri7p, from xap&crew, to scratch)

character. Another but most improbable derivation for bean-feast connects it with M.E. bene " See also:

• PRAYER (from Lat. precari, entreat; Ital. pregaria, Fr. priere)
• PRAYER, BOOK OF COMMON

prayer," "See also:

• REQUEST, LETTERS OF

request," the allusion being to the soliciting of See also:

• ALMS

alms towards the cost of theit Twelfth Night dinner by the workpeople. See WAYZGOOSE; MISRULE, LORD OF; also J. Boemus, Mores, leges et ritus omnivm gentium (See also:

• LYONS
• LYONS (Fr. Lyon)
• LYONS, COUNCILS OF
• LYONS, EDMUND LYONS, BARON (1790-1858)
• LYONS, RICHARD BICKERTON PEMELL LYONS, 1ST EARL (1817?1887)

Lyons, 1541), p. 222; Laisnel de la Salle, Croyances et legendes du centre de la France, i. 19-29; Lecoeur, Esquisses du See also:

• BOCAGE (from O. Fr. boscage, Late Lat. boscum, a wood)
• BOCAGE, MANUEL MARIA BARBOSA DE (1765-1805)

Bocage normand, ii. 125; Schmitz, Sitten send Sagen See also:

• DES

des Eifler Volkes, i. 6; See also:

• BRAND, JOHN (1744-1806)
• BRAND, SIR JOHN HENRY (1823-1888)

Brand, Popular Antiquities of Great Britain (See also:

• HAZLITT, WILLIAM (1778-1830)

Hazlitt's edit.. 1905), under " Twelfth Night "; Cortet, Fetes religieuses, p. 29sqq type=text/javascript></SCRIPT> src="http://localhost/show_ads.js" type=text/javascript> </SCRIPT>

Expansão Portuguesa em Marrocos

Sub-secções:

• Tentativa Portuguesa em Marrocos no Tempo de D.Sebastião
• Presença Portuguesa em Ceuta
• Presença Portuguesa em Tânger
• Presença Portuguesa em Arzila
• Presença Portuguesa em Safim
• Presença Portuguesa em Azamor
• Presença Portuguesa em Mazagão
• Presença Portuguesa em Outras Praças de Marrocos

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